why is miss marie called the maginot line

They could also be used as a local headquarters and counterattack base. Based on France's experience with trench warfare during World War I, the massive Maginot Line was built in the run-up to World War II, after the Locarno Conference in 1925 gave rise to a fanciful and optimistic "Locarno spirit". But when Hitler and the Nazis rose to power in the early 1930s, they quickly backed out of the Treaty of Versailles and began equipping for a much different kind of war. [20] Faced with a manpower shortage, French planners had to rely more on older and less fit reservists, who would take longer to mobilise and would diminish the French industry because they would leave their jobs. In her distress, Mrs. MacTeer sings about a place far from Loraine, Ohio, signifying a desire to escape her current situation. 15. The community knows. The section closes with Pauline talking about her failed marriage, and how once he was capable of making her happy, in life and in bed. In response, The Maginot Line throws glass bottle at the girls and laughs at them as they run away. March 1, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 Nobody is home when they arrive at the Breedloves' storefront apartment. Claudia suggests that they try to get Pecola to help them find some whiskey, reasoning that Pecola should be able to help them because Cholly is always drunk. On 14 June 1940, the day Paris fell, the German 1st Army went over to the offensive in "Operation Tiger" and attacked the Maginot Line between St Avold and Saarbrcken. However, he noted that the French failed to use the line as the basis for an offensive. High-voltage Transmission Lines, initially above-ground but then buried, and connected to the civil power grid, provided electric power to the many fortifications and fortresses. With fresh memories of fighting and living in squalid, open-air trenches, the French spent a decade building a 300-mile (482-kilometer) series of underground fortifications that would be both impenetrable and comfortable to live in. Their father's reaction, while violent, demonstrates the love he has for his family, which is contrasted later when Cholly rapes Pecola, simultaneously failing to protect her and acting as the aggressor. An independent and strong-minded nine-year-old, Claudia is a fighter and rebels against adults tyranny over children and against the Black communitys idealization of white beauty standards. Free trial is available to new customers only. The World War II German invasion plan of 1940 (Sichelschnitt) was designed to deal with the line. [26] Germany had to import most of its iron, rubber, oil, bauxite, copper and nickel, making naval blockade a devastating weapon against the German economy. At fifteen, she meets Cholly; they marry and move far up to the North. These are large reinforced buried concrete bunkers, equipped with armoured turrets containing high-precision optics, connected with the other fortifications by field telephone and wireless transmitters (known in French by the acronym T.S.F., Tlgraphie Sans Fil). The insinuation that Frieda might be "ruined" does not make Mrs. MacTeer angry at Frieda; the wrath of Frieda's mother is directed entirely at Miss Dunion. Petits ouvrages: These small fortresses reinforced the line of infantry bunkers. He has a gruff manner toward little Black girls. The guerre de longue dure strategy called for the French to halt the expected German offensive meant to give the Reich a swift victory; afterwards, there would be an attrition struggle; once the Germans were exhausted, France would begin an offensive to win the war. In Did you have a question about the first chapter of Bluest Eye. Winston Churchill. She is pretty, playful andaffectionate. Her incessant cleaning suggests she feels her home has been dirtied through the violation of her daughter. A light-skinned, wealthy Black girl who is new at the local school. Struggling with distance learning? The line, which was supposed to be fully extended further towards the west to avoid such an occurrence, was finally scaled back in response to demands from Belgium. She treats the girls with some kindness, telling them that Pecola is with Mrs. Breedlove at the house where Mrs. Breedlove is a servant. The officers' corps by no means acknowl-edged defeat. The quest for whiskey and the girls' disdain for the Maginot Line show, once again, the esteem the girls have for their mother's opinion and her wisdom. She seems to see herself as an aggressor, but she has also suffered in her life. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. "That's the part that fell apart for the Allies.". He is a kind man and excellent storyteller. 4. As they walk around the side of the building to try the side door, they encounter The. Her love she saves for the Fishers' daughter, while she becomes quick-tempered and abusive with her own children. However, they can never be white, and their worship of their colonial masters and hatred of their African ancestry has turned them into a twisted and self-loathing people. There are 142 ouvrages, 352 casemates, 78 shelters, 17 observatories and around 5,000 blockhouses in the Maginot Line.[a]. [49][42], When the French Army failed in Belgium, the Maginot Line covered their retreat. "Why the Massive Maginot Line Failed to Stop Hitler" These impressive fortifications 142 large artillery forts called ouvrages or "works," 352 fortified gun emplacements called "casemates," and 5,000 smaller bunkers and pillboxes became known as the Maginot Line, named after the French politician Andr Maginot (pronounced Mah-ji-noh). As with his son Sammy, who is always running away from home, Cholly's gender gives him a degree of agency that Pecola and Pauline simply do not have. The last line of defense was the Maginot Line's massive ouvrages, each large enough to hold 500 to 1,000 permanent troops. Here the Line ran east-west, around the villages of Rittershoffen and Hatten, south of Wissembourg. The narrator of parts of the novel. She no longer conceives of it as a possibly good thing; her sense of sex seems akin now to that of the other women in the novel, all of whom have also experienced male oppression. Claudias father, who works hard to keep the familyfed and clothed. The Maginot Line tells them Pecola is at her mother's workplace, explaining that Mrs. . On the balcony above the door, Marie (the Maginot Line) is having a drink of root-beer. For African Americans it suggests the possibility of interracial heritage, which may carry with it . [45], Jackson commented that "it has often been alleged that the Maginot Line contributed to France's defeat by making the military too complacent and defence-minded. The Schoenenbourg Maginot Line fort (Ouvrage Schoenenbourg) was the largest of the Maginot Line forts, a series of forts built in the 1920s and 30s by the French government to deter invasion from Germany. She is lonely and imaginative. French military chiefs were dubious about their ability to win another war against Germany on its own, especially an offensive war. Frieda narrates the whole story to Claudia: Mr. Henry made sexual advances at Frieda, who ran to tell her parents. Pecolas mother, who believes that she is ugly; this belief has made her lonely and cold. Another complication was Holland, and the various governments never resolved their problems.[29]. The design of the casemates is similar to the ones found in the southern part of the Maginot Line, and photographs of them are often confused with Maginot forts. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. [23] The fact that the Wehrmacht embraced the strategy of Blitzkrieg (Lightning War) with the vision of swift wars in which Germany would win quickly via a knockout blow was a testament to the fundamental soundness of the concept of la guerre de longue dure. "[44], The psychological factor of the Maginot Line has also been discussed. 16. on 50-99 accounts. The French strategy was already set in millions of cubic feet of concrete. The prostitutes tease each other affectionately and treat Pecola with kindness, while the rest of the community treats her cruelly. Sadly, Maureen uses what they admire against them, she even taunts Picola with Bluest Eye study guide contains a biography of Toni Morrison, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. In the following days, infantry divisions of the 1st Army attacked fortifications on each side of the penetration, capturing four petits ouvrages. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. The white neighborhood in which Mrs. Breedlove works is beautiful and well kept, demonstrating the connection between race and class. Artillery troops operated the heavy guns, and the engineers were responsible for maintaining and operating other specialist equipment, including all communications systems. She becomes sole breadwinner while Sammy and Pecola are still young. The line included the following retractable turrets. Ouvrage Rochonvillers was retained by the French Army as a command centre into the 1990s but was deactivated following the disappearance of the Soviet threat. The largest of these structures, Fort Douaumont, was captured by the Germans in 1915 and triggered the infamous Battle of Verdun, the longest and bloodiest battle of WWI, claiming 400,000 French casualties and 350,000 German losses. Claudia's response reveals the injustice she feels with regard to the little girl's gesture, and the violent tendencies such feelings inspire. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. She finds meaning not in her own family but in romantic movies and in her work caring for a well-to-do white family. It took nine years, from 1929 to 1938, to build the Maginot Line. [35] The idea was shelved. Ace your assignments with our guide to The Bluest Eye! He shot at Henry and Henry ran away. Having suffered early humiliations, he takes out his frustration on the women in his life. GradeSaver, 27 August 2019 Web. They were also accommodated in complexes of wooden housing adjacent to each fortress, which were more comfortable than living inside, but were not expected to survive wartime bombardment. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. 2. Ace your assignments with our guide to The Bluest Eye! Maginot Line. The strategy was that the Maginot Line would blunt any invasion and allow time for mobilisation and counterattack by allied forces. Some of the larger ouvrages were converted to command centres. This was impossible elsewhere as the other parts of the line were located in civilian areas.[10]. But it was too late to reorganize the entire French military in a matter of months. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. The events by the riverbed are important: note that Cholly's hatred is not directed at the white hunters, but at Darlene. Morrison Deconstructs White Standards of Beauty in The Bluest Eye, The Unexamined Other: Confronting the Social Hypocrisy of Maureen in The Bluest Eye. ", Frieda notices a deep-dish berry cobbler, and Pecola goes to see if the cobbler is still hot. Sensitive and delicate, she passively suffers the abuse of her mother, father, and classmates. The Maginot Lines nickname comes from the bulky defensive fortifications built before World War II to protect the border of France from Germany. Pauline has few friends; other women look down at her because she is poorly dressed and speaks like a Southern black. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. French military experts believed the line would deter German aggression because it would slow an invasion force long enough for French forces to mobilise and counterattack. Pecola, not knowing that the meat is poisoned, brings it to the dog. Neglected by her parents, married to an alcoholic, black, poor, uneducated, and female, few choices are left to her. Want 100 or more? Mrs. Breedlove's reflection in the white furnishings symbolically represents her desire to be white and embody whiteness. Fifteen, she meets Cholly ; they marry and move far up to the North, but at Darlene Bluest... 1 why is miss marie called the maginot line 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 Nobody is home when they arrive at local... Has made her lonely and cold blunt any invasion and allow time for mobilisation and counterattack by forces... Deal with the Line were located in civilian areas. [ 29 ] civilian.... Fortifications on each side of the larger ouvrages were converted to command centres may carry with it Fishers... Email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over age..., the psychological factor of the Maginot Line covered their retreat 's response reveals the she. 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Henry made sexual advances at Frieda, who works hard to keep the and! ; corps by no means acknowl-edged defeat but she has also suffered in her why is miss marie called the maginot line for. Embody whiteness may carry with it were responsible for maintaining and operating other specialist,.

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